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(meteorobs) IMO shower circular (GEMINIDS)
Forwarded from the IMO........... -Mark
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I M O S h o w e r C i r c u l a r
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G E M I N I D S 2 0 0 0
The 2000 return of the strong shower reached its maximum under poor
(moonlit)
circumstances, restraining many observers from meteor watches. The currently
available data show no unusual activity level or any peculiarities, but the
near-maximum period is not (yet) well covered with data. So the list given
below is a first, preliminary information only. Most observations were
carried out under very poor skies. So a maximum correction factor of 7 was
allowed, and all observations with the radiant more than 25 deg above the
horizon were included. Although the (northern) nights are long and the
radiant is above the horizon for (almost) the entire night, there are gaps
which may become filled with further data. A list of observations was
published by the NMS, but has not been included here at this stage.
We are very grateful to the following 17 observers who sent in their reports
in time for this first activity overview:
DETPE Peter Detterline (USA)
GEOPE Petros Georgopoulos (Greece)
GLIGE George W. Gliba (USA)
GRALE Lew Gramer (USA)
KULRH Rhishikesh Kulkarni (India)
LI DO Dong Li (China)
LINMI Michael Linnolt (USA)
MCBAL Alastair McBeath (UK)
PUNNI Nilesh Puntambekar (India)
PURTU Tushar Purohit (India)
RENJU Jurgen Rendtel (Germany)
SHAJA Jason Shanley (USA)
SHASH Shashank Shalgar (India)
SPAGE George Spalding (UK)
TAIRI Richard Taibi (USA)
TRIJO Josep Trigo-Rodriguez (Spain)
WANSO Song Wanfang (China)
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Date Time (UT) Sollong nObs nIND nGEM ZHR
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Dec 13 0340 261.43 4 3 15 55 +- 13
13 0600 261.55 5 5 134 68 8
13 2000 262.12 3 3 24 118 20
13 2130 262.19 3 3 86 124 12
13 2240 262.24 3 3 102 126 11
14 0310 262.43 3 3 181 122 9
14 0850 262.67 1 1 10 79 24
14 2020 263.16 2 2 7 33 10
Solar longitudes refer to equinox J2000.0. nObs is the number of
individual observing periods, nIND is the number of individual
observers providing them, nGEM is the number of Geminids seen. The
population index used was r=2.5. The expectation value of the ZHR,
ZHR = (1 + sum nGEM) / sum(Teff/C),
was used for the averages here, where Teff is the effective observing
time and C is the total correction composed of limiting magnitude,
clouds, and zenith correction [sin (h_R)]. Times are rounded to the
nearest 10 minutes.
Juergen Rendtel
18 Dec 2000
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